Some approaches to conceptual and practical decision of the remediation problems of Chernobyl NPP exclusion zone and the zone of absolute resettlement

¹ Chernobyl Radioecological Center, Shkolnaya Str. 6, 07270 Chernobyl, Ukraine
² State Department, Administration of the Exclusion Zone and the Zone of Absolute Resettlement, Sovetskaya Str. 14, 07270 Chernobyl, Ukraine

Abstract

The problems of the substantiation and implementation of a complex rehabilitation of territory of the exclusion zone and the zone of absolute resettlement (EZ&ZAR), as a process of implementation of the countermeasures system, directed to recovery of its normal economic operation, are considered. Normative-legal base, principles, criterion, methods and scenarios of rehabilitation, concept of a full and partial rehabilitation, direction of rehabilitation activity both without change of the territory status and directed on return of territories under the jurisdiction of local government bodies, re-evacuation of the population and maintenance of normal conditions of its residing and habitability are discussed. The preliminary estimations of a capability of practical implementation of different directions of rehabilitation activity on EZ&ZAR territory, obtained with usage of GIS-technologies with taking into account of dynamics of a radioecological situation in natural and semi-natural ecosystems, state of the art of natural and technogenic objects on territory of EZ&ZAR are discussed. The priority kinds of the practical activity, which has been rendered concrete in the normative-legal acts, in EZ&ZAR concepts, namely, - activity on environmental protection, maintenance in a normal condition of phyto- and zoo-sanitary situation; forestry activity, activation of landscape-recovery processes etc. are considered.