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Table 2

Differences in the awareness levels related to demographics between dental students.

No Questions Academic year Gender


χ2 df p χ2 df p
1 Are you aware of the National Council on Radiation Protection (NCRP) and the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommendations? 3.382 2 0.184 7.965 1 0.005
2 Are you aware of deterministic and stochastic effects 12.187 2 <0.001 3.059 1 0.08
3 Are you aware of the ALARA principle? 2.133 2 0.344 9.821 1 0.002
4 Are dental radiographs contraindicated in pregnant patients? 4.454 2 0.108 0.860 1 0.354
5 Are personal monitoring badges required to be worn by the operator? 0.160 2 0.923 0.416 1 0.519
6 Do you use a lead apron for patients during exposure? 1.842 2 0.398 1.679 1 0.195
7 Do you stand behind a lead barrier during exposure? 1.404 2 0.496 11.445 1 <0.001
8 What is the most important organ that must be protected during dental radiography? 4.467 4 0.347 15.018 3 0.002
9 Which of the following Radiographic techniques delivers more radiation to patients? 3.204 2 0.201 13.135 1 <0.001
10 Are children and fetuses more vulnerable to radiation? 4.225 2 0.121 0.166 1 0.683
11 Are you aware of radiation shielding in x-ray rooms? 9.495 2 <0.005 0.416 1 0.519
12 Are you familiar that DNA is the critical target for radiation? 3.823 2 0.148 16.928 1 <0.001
13 Is 3 to 5 Gy received over a very short period considered a lethal dose? 1.723 2 0.423 2.666 1 0.103

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