Natural radioactivity and radiological hazards assessment in soil samples of Hassan district, Karnataka State, India

Open Access

Table 3

Various radiological hazard indices calculating formulae.

Parameter	Formula	Reference
Radium equivalent Activity (Ra_eq)	$R a_{e q} (B q k g^{- 1}) = C_{R a} + 1.43 \times C_{T h} + 0.07 \times C_{K} \leq 370$	(ICRP, 1993, IAEA/RCA, 1989)
Gamma absorbed dose rate (D)	$D (n G y h^{- 1}) = 0.462 \times C_{R a} + 0.604 \times C_{T h} + 0.0417 \times C_{K}$	(UNSCEAR, 2000, Suresh et al., 2022)
Internal hazard indices (H_in)	$H_{i n} = (\frac{C_{R a}}{185} + \frac{C_{T h}}{259} + \frac{C_{K}}{4810}) \leq 1$	(Beretka and Mathew, 1985, UNSCEAR, 1993)
External hazard indices (H_ex)	$H_{e x} = (\frac{C_{R a}}{370} + \frac{C_{T h}}{259} + \frac{C_{K}}{4810}) \leq 1$	(Beretka and Mathew, 1985, UNSCEAR, 1993)
Gamma index	$I_{γ} = (\frac{C_{R a}}{300} + \frac{C_{T h}}{200} + \frac{C_{K}}{3000}) \leq 1$	(European Commission, 1999)
Indoor Annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE)	$E_{i n} (m S v y^{- 1}) = D_{i n} \times 8760 h y^{- 1} \times 0.8 \times 0.7 S v G y^{- 1} \times 10^{- 6}$	(UNSCEAR, 2000, Suresh et al., 2022)
Outdoor Annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE)	$E_{o u t} (m S v y^{- 1}) = D_{o u t} \times 8760 h y^{- 1} \times 0.2 \times 0.7 S v G y^{- 1} \times 10^{- 6}$	(UNSCEAR, 2000, Suresh et al., 2022)

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