Les expositions d'origine naturelle en SuisseExposures to natural radiation in Switzerland

Free access article

Issue		Radioprotection Volume 34, Number 1, January-March 1999


Page(s)		37 - 46
DOI		10.1051/radiopro:1999102

Radioprotection 1999, Vol. 34, n° 1, pages 37 à 46
DOI: 10.1051/radiopro:1999102

Les expositions d'origine naturelle en Suisse

Ch. Murith and A. Gurtne

Section de surveillance de la radioactivité (SUER), chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700 Fribourg Tél. :+41 26 300 91 65 ; Fax :+ 41 26 300 97 43 ; Mél : christophe.murith@bag.admin.ch

(Manuscrit reçu le 31 août 1998, accepté le 18 novembre 1998)

Abstract
Exposures to natural radiation in Switzerland. The exposure of human beings to ionising radiation from natural sources is a continuing and inescapable feature of life on earth. There are two main sources that contribute to this exposure: high-energy cosmic-ray particles incident to the earth's atmosphere and radioactive nuclides that originated in the earth' crust and are present everywhere in the environment, including human body itself. Both external and internal exposures to humans arise from these sources. Exposures to natural radiation sources in Switzerland and some of their variations are here summarised and the resulting effective doses are compared to those from man-made sources exposures. It results that the natural background exposures are more significant for the population than most exposures to man-made sources.

Résumé
L'exposition de la population la radioactivité d'origine naturelle est une caractéristique permanente et inluctable de la vie sur terre. Deux sources principales contribuent à cette exposition : les particules de haute énergie du rayonnement cosmique atteignant l'atmosphère terrestre et les nucléides radioactifs provenant de la croûte terrestre, qui marquent notre environnement comme notre propre corps. Ces sources sont responsables de notre exposition externe et interne. Les niveaux de ces expositions et leur domaine de variation en Suisse sont résumés ici et confrontés du point de vue de la dose efficace aux contributions d'origine artificielle. Il résulte que les expositions dues au bruit de fond naturel sont plus significatives pour la population que la plupart des expositions issues des sources engendrées par l'homme.

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